![]() ![]() In the year 1897, Guglielmo Marconi successfully demonstrated the Wireless Telegraphy by sending EM Waves for a short distance of 100 meters. Modern Wireless Communication i.e., using electrical signals and radio waves for communication has been around us for more than 100 years. Since the use of smoke signals, flags and flashing mirrors in the pre – historic period, Wireless communication has been a part of human life and it is continuously evolving. Pictorial representation of an Electromagnetic Wave is shown below, where the Electric Field is acting in the Y – axis, magnetic field is acting in the Z – axis and the Electromagnetic Wave propagates in X – axis.Ī Brief History of Wireless Communication Mathematically, an Electromagnetic Wave can be described using Maxwell’s equations. Both these fields are oscillating perpendicular to each other and the direction of propagation of the Electromagnetic Wave is again perpendicular to both these fields. ![]() Electromagnetic Waves (usually Radio Waves) are used in wireless communication to carry the signals.Īn Electromagnetic Wave consists of both electric and magnetic fields in the form of time varying sinusoidal waves. Electromagnetic Waves include Gamma Rays (γ – Rays), X – Rays, Ultraviolet Rays, Visible Light, Infrared Rays, Microwave Rays and Radio Waves. What is Electromagnetic Wave?Įlectromagnetic Waves carry the electromagnetic energy of electromagnetic field through space. Hence, both transmitter and receiver consists of an antenna. These Electromagnetic Waves propagates through space. ![]() If there is no physical medium, then how does wireless communication transmit signals? Even though there are no cables used in wireless communication, the transmission and reception of signals is accomplished with Antennas.Īntennas are electrical devices that transform the electrical signals to radio signals in the form of Electromagnetic (EM) Waves and vice versa. Since, space only allows for signal transmission without any guidance, the medium used in Wireless Communication is called Unguided Medium. On the other hand, Wireless Communication doesn’t require any physical medium but propagates the signal through space. Such type of medium is called Guided Medium. which guides the signal to propagate from one point to other. In Wired Communication, the medium is a physical path like Co-axial Cables, Twisted Pair Cables and Optical Fiber Links etc.
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